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is a yakuza best known as the second-in-command (''wakagashira'') of the 6th-generation Yamaguchi-gumi, the largest known yakuza syndicate in Japan, and the president of its ruling affiliate, Kodo-kai, based in Nagoya.〔("Yamaguchi-gumi's No. 2 to go free on ¥1.5 billion bail during extortion trial" ), 13 June 2012, ''The Japan Times''〕 Takayama is a prominent yakuza, who has even been dubbed the "nation's number-two gangster",〔("Nation's No. 2 gangster arrested" ), November 19, 2010, ''Yomiuri Shimbun''〕 and is informally dubbed the "Katame of Nagoya" or simply the "Katame" meaning "one eye", after his closed right eye, which is possibly the result of a lethal fight in his early yakuza career — reportedly a sword fighting injury.〔("FEATURE: Japan gets tough on ‘yakuza’ gangs" ), January 23, 2011, ''Taipei Times''〕 Takayama has been considered the key person in the entire history of the Kodo-kai and behind the sixth Yamaguchi-gumi, being kept under close surveillance by the National Police Agency. The National Police Agency once distributed a report on its operations against the Yamaguchi-gumi to every police department across the country, which had a special section devoted to him and even made reference to his personality.〔("The "Top Operations" for destroying the Yamaguchi-gumi Kodo-kai, arresting from the kumicho to the number 3" ), December 17, 2010, ''Weekly Friday'' 〕 In 2012 the Obama administration of the United States imposed sanctions on him as the second-in-command of the Yamaguchi-gumi.〔("US steps up offensive against Japan's yakuza gangs" ), 24 February 2012, ''The Guardian''〕 The sanctions also targeted Kenichi Shinoda as the leader of the Yamaguchi-gumi, along with several individuals linked to three other transnational organized crime groups, the Brothers' Circle of Russia, the Camorra of Italy, and the Los Zetas of Mexico.〔("US moves to isolate Russian, Japanese crime groups" ), 23 February 2012, ''AFP''〕 ==Career== Takayama entered the underworld in his teenage years,〔("Police's 'Yamaguchi-gumi Cleanup Operation' behind the O-zumo's 'Baseball Gambling'" ), July 1, 2010, ''Gendai Business'' 〕 and his career as a yakuza officially began at the age of 20 when he joined the Sasaki-gumi, a Yamaguchi-gumi affiliate based in Nagoya. The Sasaki-gumi was a sub organization of the Nagoya-based Hirota-gumi (later known as the Kodo-kai), and in 1969, four members of a Hirota-affiliated organization were murdered by a Kobe-based yakuza syndicate. Along with two other Hirota members (one being Shinobu Tsukasa), he was convicted of murdering the boss of a clan of the syndicate. After spending 4 years in prison, he was released in 1973,〔("Kiyoshi Takayama" ), ''Yakuza Wiki'' 〕 becoming the number-two boss (''wakagashira'') of the Sasaki-gumi in 1975.〔 In 1976 when he was promoted to the managing director (''rijicho'') of the Sasaki-gumi, he founded his own organization, the Takayama-gumi.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kiyoshi Takayama」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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